What is fibromyalgia?
It is often linked to disrupted sleep patterns and depression. The condition is believed to affect about three per cent of the population with a greater prevalence in women than men, to a factor of about 10 to one.
The causes of fibromyalgia are not known. Some researchers believe that the condition is caused by abnormal sleep, which then results in physical symptoms, while others consider that the painful condition prompts poor sleep in the first instance.
It is also believed that fibromyalgia may also be a physical reaction to stress in predisposed individuals.
The typical symptom is a burning pain radiating out from a specific site. The pain is more pronounced around the joints but unlike arthritis, there is no evidence of joint damage or inflammation.
The pain usually affects multiple sites on the body. Secondary symptoms such as sleep disturbance, migraine, depression and chronic fatigue are also evident.
There is no specific diagnostic test for fibromyalgia and other diseases, such as lupus, need to be ruled out. While there is no cure for it, symptoms can be managed. Painkillers may be prescribed to redu ce pain and anti-depressents can help restore sleep patterns as well as lift depression.
The long-term outlook for sufferers is mixed. While the condition is not life threatening, it can persist for months.
Symptoms
Pain at multiple sites throughout the body. Sleep disturbances, chronic fatigue, menstrual disturbance, migraine, depression
Treatments
Analgesics such as paracetamol or antiinflammatory drugs can treat pain. Anti-depressant drugs are also used. Alternative therapies such as osteopathy and acupuncture may show benefit.
Self help
Increased exercise and fitness may help some sufferers. Stress management and weight management are encouraged. Excessive intake of caffeine or alcohol should be avoided.
